Search | Engineering

订阅投稿

首页工程期刊工程焦点工程成就工程前沿关于我们 English

资源类型

期刊论文 27

会议视频 2

年份

2023 4

2022 6

2021 1

2020 1

2016 2

2015 1

2014 2

2013 1

2009 3

2007 2

2005 1

2000 2

1999 2

展开︾

关键词

黄河流域 3

生态保护 2

黄河 2

H₂S 1

P₄ 1

PH₃ 1

一体化治理 1

京津冀 1

保护修复 1

催化剂 1

催化氧化 1

分区治理 1

区域可持续发展 1

协同战略 1

南水北调工程 1

双向整治 1

双线格局 1

固定床 1

地理信息系统 1

展开︾

检索范围：

排序：展示方式：

Morphology selective construction of

Maher Darwish, Ali Mohammadi, Navid Assi, Samer Abuzerr, Youssef Alahmad

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2020年第14卷第4期页码 561-578 doi: 10.1007/s11705-019-1808-1

摘要： Controlled growth of Bi WO nanorods with exposed [0 0 1] facets and the fabrication of an Fe O -Bi WO magnetic composite by a microwave-assisted polyol process, were achieved in this study. The adsorptivity and photocatalytic performance of the composite toward sunset yellow dye degradation were greatly enhanced by the -cyclodextrin cavities on its surface, firmly anchored through a cetyltrimethylammonium bromide linkage. A series of examinations and characterizations were carried out to determine the influence of various factors on the morphological modulation-photocatalytic behavior of the pure Bi WO prior to final functionalization. Changing the pH of the precursor solution impacted the formation of 0D, 2D, and 3D structures; however, the presence of hexamethylenetetramine surfactant induced the development of 1D nanorod structure. A reasonable crystal growth mechanism was proposed to elucidate the formation process. Conversely, the mechanism of the activity enhancement of -cyclodextrin functionalized Fe O -Bi WO , compared to that of the non-functionalized samples, could be realized with the assistance of chemical trapping experiments on sunset yellow, and was confirmed on the colorless antibiotic (sulfamethoxazole). The high performance and durability of this composite can be attributed to the facet-dependent activity, large adsorption capacity due to inclusion interactions, enhanced visible light absorption, and efficient charge separation.

关键词： β-cyclodextrin Bi₂WO₆ shape controlled nanorod sunset yellow

HTML PDF 收藏

Advanced purification and comprehensive utilization of yellow phosphorous off gas

Ping NING,Xiangyu WANG

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2015年第9卷第2期页码 181-189 doi: 10.1007/s11783-014-0698-1

摘要： Yellow phosphorous is an important raw material in the chemical industry. However, during the production of yellow phosphorous, high concentrations of carbon monoxide and other impurities are released. Without appropriate purification and removal, this off gas has potential to cause severe pollution problems once released. Purified yellow phosphorous off gas can be beneficially reused as a raw material in chemical production for synthesis of high value-added chemical reagents. In this paper, the significance of purification and reutilization of yellow phosphorous off gas are explored. The principles, processes, and main characteristics of the technologies for purification and reuse of yellow phosphorus off gas (including technical measurements of impurity reduction, relevant engineering cases, and public acceptance of the technologies) are summarized. In view of the existing problems and scientific development requirements, this paper proposes several recommendations for green production based on the concept of recycle economics. We conclude that advanced purification and comprehensive reutilization can be an effective solution for heavy pollution resulting from yellow phosphorous off gassing.

关键词： yellow phosphorous off gas purification comprehensive utilization

HTML PDF 收藏

A holistic approach for evaluating ecological water allocation in the Yellow River Basin of China

YANG Zhifeng, CUI Baoshan, CHEN He

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2007年第1卷第1期页码 99-106 doi: 10.1007/s11783-007-0019-z

摘要： The characteristics and sustainable management of water resources on a basin scale require that they should be managed using a holistic approach. In this study, a holistic methodology called the holistic approach in a basin scale (HABS) is proposed to determine the ecological water requirements of a whole basin. There are three principles in HABS. First, ecological water requirements in a basin scale indicate not only the coupling of hydrological and ecological systems, but also the exchange of matter and energy between each ecological type through all kinds of physical geography processes. Second, ecological water requirements can be divided into different types according to their functions, and water requirements of different types are compatible. Third, ecological water requirements are related to a multiple system including water quality, water quantity, and time and space, which interact with each other. The holistic approach in a basin scale was then used in the Yellow River Basin and it suggested that 265.0 × 10 m of water, 45% of the total surface water resources, should be allocated to ecological systems, such as rivers, lakes, wetlands and cities, to sustain its function and health. The ecological water requirements of inside river systems and outside river systems were respectively 261.0 × 10 and 3.65 × 10 m.

HTML PDF 收藏

Management strategies of marine food resources under multiple stressors with particular reference of the Yellow

Qisheng TANG

《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2014年第1卷第1期页码 85-90 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2014021

摘要：

In this study two main management strategies are discussed: one is to develop resource conservation-based capture fisheries, and the other is to develop environmentally friendly aquaculture. During the resource recovery period, the development of environmentally friendly aquaculture should be encouraged, especially in integrated multi-trophic aquaculture, which is adaptive, efficient and sustainable. For future development and better understanding the ecosystem, it is necessary to further strengthen basic research.

关键词： marine ecosystem management strategies food resources Yellow Sea

HTML PDF 收藏

Use Efficiency Are Characteristic of Ecological Restoration Towards High-Quality Development in the Yellow

Yang Yu,Ting Hua,Liding Chen,Zhiqiang Zhang,Paulo Pereira,

《工程（英文）》 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2023.07.012

摘要： Globally, vegetation has been changing dramatically. The vegetation–water dynamic is key to understanding ecosystem structure and functioning in water-limited ecosystems. Continual satellite monitoring has detected global vegetation greening. However, a greenness increase does not mean that ecosystem functions increase. The intricate interplays resulting from the relationships between vegetation and precipitation must be more adequately comprehended. In this study, satellite data, for example, leaf area index (LAI), net primary production (NPP) and rainfall use efficiency (RUE), were used to quantify vegetation dynamics and their relationship with rainfall in different reaches of the Yellow River Basin (YRB). A sequential regression method was used to detect trends of NPP sensitivity to rainfall. The results showed that 34.53% of the YRB exhibited a significant greening trend since 2000. Among them, 20.54%, 53.37%, and 16.73% of upper, middle, and lower reach areas showed a significant positive trend, respectively. NPP showed a similar trend to LAI in the YRB upper, middle, and lower reaches. A notable difference was noted in the distributions and trends of RUE across the upper, middle, and lower reaches. Moreover, there were significant trends in vegetation–rainfall sensitivity in 16.86% of the YRB’s middle reaches—14.08% showed negative trends and 2.78% positive trends. A total of 8.41% of the YRB exhibited a marked increase in LAI, NPP, and RUE. Subsequently, strategic locations reliant on the correlation between vegetation and rainfall were identified and designated for restoration planning purposes to propose future ecological restoration efforts. Our analysis indicates that the middle reach of the YRB exhibited the most significant variation in vegetation greenness and productivity. The present study underscores the significance of examining the correlation between vegetation and rainfall within the context of the high-quality development strategy of the YRB. The outcomes of our analysis and the proposed ecological restoration framework can provide decision-makers with valuable insights for executing rational basin pattern optimization and sustainable management.

关键词： Vegetation greenness Vegetation productivity Rainfall use efficiency Sensitivity Yellow River Basin

HTML PDF 收藏

Scientific significance of ancient maps of Yellow River and Grand Canal for water conservancy in China

Xiaocong LI,

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2009年第3卷第4期页码 445-454 doi: 10.1007/s11709-009-0063-9

摘要： Based on the study of ancient maps preserved in China and abroad, the systematic nature and practical meaning of the maps of the Yellow River and Grand Canal is demonstrated. It is pointed out that the ancient maps not only record the spatial information of the established water conservancy engineering for river harnessing but also the management systems of the rivers in history. Besides, the maps provide abundant information on nature, humanity, and geography and possess high value in academic research and art appreciation.

关键词： information management established appreciation practical

HTML PDF 收藏

Yellow fever and Hajj: with all eyes on Zika, a familiar flavivirus remains a threat

null

《医学前沿（英文）》 2016年第10卷第4期页码 527-530 doi: 10.1007/s11684-016-0487-2

摘要：

Hajj is among the world’s largest mass gatherings, drawing between 2 and 3.5 million Muslims from 183 nations annually to perform pilgrimage in Mecca, Saudi Arabia. Infectious disease outbreaks can be imported both into the Hajj population and exported internationally by returning pilgrims. The domestic Saudi population can also be at risk of outbreaks traveling amid this mass migration. With yellow fever reported for the first time in China following the infection of expatriate Chinese workers in Angola and a full blown outbreak underway in wider West Africa, the prospect of yellow fever outbreaks in Asia threatens to impact Saudi Arabia, both during and beyond the Hajj season. With global focus trained on Zika, the rising threat of yellow fever cannot be overlooked. Strategies to mitigate risk to Saudi Arabia and the global population are thereby suggested.

关键词： yellow fever mass gathering Saudi Arabia Hajj Zika virus

HTML PDF 收藏

Adsorption and partition of benzo(a)pyrene on sediments with different particle sizes from the Yellow

XIA Xinghui, HU Lijuan, MENG Lihong

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2007年第1卷第2期页码 172-178 doi: 10.1007/s11783-007-0030-4

摘要： Experiments have been carried out to study the sorption of Benzo(a)pyrene(Bap) on sediment particles from the Yellow River using a batch equilibration technique. Effects of particle size on the adsorption and partition of Bap were investigated with the particle content of 3 g/L. Several significant results were obtained from the study. (1) Isotherms of Bap could be fitted with the dual adsorption-partition model under different particle sizes, and the measured value of the adsorption and partition was in agreement with the theoretical value of the dual adsorption-partition model. (2) When the particle diameter was "e 0.025 mm, the adsorption was predominant in the sorption of Bap, which accounted for 68.7% 82.4% of the sorption. For the particles with the size of 0.007 mm "e < 0.025 mm, the adsorption was predominant when the equilibrium concentration of Bap was 0 8.87 μg/L in the water phase; and the partition was predominant when the equilibrium concentration of Bap was higher than 8.87 μg/L in the water phase. When the particle diameter was <0.007 mm, the partition was predominant. (3) On the point of particle size, the contribution of adsorption to sorption followed the order: "e0.025 mm > 0.007 mm "d<0.025 mm > <0.007 mm . (4) The partition coefficients of Bap in solids with different particle sizes were linearly correlated with the organic content, and the K of Bap was about 1.26 x 10 (L/kg).

HTML PDF 收藏

新形势下黄河水沙调控策略研究

胡春宏,张双虎,张晓明

《中国工程科学》 2022年第24卷第1期页码 122-130 doi: 10.15302/J-SSCAE-2022.01.013

摘要：

黄河水沙调控对保障黄河长久安澜至关重要。近几十年来，受自然因素和水土保持等人类活动的双重影响，黄河来水来沙量持续发生变化，水资源量略有减少、来沙量锐减，为此，科学研判未来黄河来水来沙量是制定水沙调控策略最基础、最关键的科学问题。本文分析了1919—2020 年百年尺度下的黄河来水来沙量的演变情况，并预测了未来50 年的黄河来水来沙量；系统总结了目前黄河水沙调控面临的主要问题，即黄河上游河道淤积萎缩、黄河下游滩区治理策略与高质量发展要求不适应、黄土高原水土流失治理区域不均衡等。在此基础上，提出了新水沙条件下的黄河水沙调控策略建议，一是以黄河上游黑山峡河段开发和古贤水利枢纽建设为重点，完善水沙调控体系；二是黄河下游滩区分区治理、改造河道并释放部分滩区，实现滩区防洪运用与高质量发展的协同；三是科学开展黄土高原分区分类水土保持措施，调整黄土高原治理格局，协同推进生态保护和乡村振兴。

关键词：黄河新水沙条件水沙调控水利枢纽分区治理生态保护

HTML PDF 收藏

Changes in hourly precipitation may explain the sharp reduction of discharge in the middle reach of the Yellow

Lin LUO, Zhongjing WANG

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2013年第7卷第5期页码 756-768 doi: 10.1007/s11783-013-0563-7

摘要： The Hekou-Longmen reach, together with local floods, is the main source area for coarse sedimentations into the Yellow River. When total rainfall slightly increased in the area, discharge dramatically decreased by 40%–70% after the year of 2000, and attracting extensive attention in the context of global climate change. High temporal resolution precipitation (timescales between 1 and 4 h) data from the June to September period from 270 rain gauges over the past three decades was mined in order to help explain the phenomenon. Each rainfall event was classified as light/moderate rain, large rain, heavy rain or rainstorm by the event’s rainfall amount, and further classified as low intensity rain, medium intensity rain and high intensity rain by the event’s rainfall intensity. The Mann-Kendall trend test was applied to detect the presence and significance of monotonic trends, and to find the change points in the mean and variance of the precipitation characteristics series, including the amount, intensity, frequency and duration of each rainfall category. Results show that although the total amount of precipitation has slightly increased, the average rainfall intensity has significantly decreased. The larger change happened in light/moderate rain events and low/medium intensity rain events, and the intensity changes have a great extent occurred around the threshold of Non-Runoff Rainfall regime, which was proposed for the approximate calculation of initial losses. Changes in rainfall distribution between different classes of the Runoff Rainfall regime in the 2000s could lead to 0.9 mm less runoff depth (17.3% of the total reduction) than the 1980–1999 period. The study indicates that changes in hourly precipitation may be responsible for the sharp reduction of discharge.

关键词： precipitation intensity Mann-Kendall rank statistic spatial and temporal distribution climatic change

HTML PDF 收藏

黄河流域生态保护和高质量发展协同战略体系研究

“黄河流域生态保护和高质量发展战略研究”综合组

《中国工程科学》 2022年第24卷第1期页码 93-103 doi: 10.15302/J-SSCAE-2022.01.010

摘要：

水是制约黄河流域保护和发展的核心要素。基于黄河流域生态保护和高质量发展的系统性、整体性、协同性战略导向，以水为主线，研究建立黄河流域保护和发展协同战略体系，对实施黄河国家重大战略具有重要意义。本文系统评估了黄河流域保护治理取得的成效和面临的关键问题，从流域上中下游区域协同、水生态− 水环境− 水资源− 水安全− 水文化“五水”协同、生态环境治理协同、减污降碳协同、多元政策实施协同等5 个方面，构建了黄河流域生态保护和高质量发展协同战略体系。从区域协调发展的战略视角出发，研究提出了构建协调联动的政策体系、建立流域保护和发展统筹协调机制、强化市场化治理机制、健全流域生态产品价值实现机制、实施减污降碳协同增效行动、实施系统性保护治理工程等措施建议。

关键词：黄河流域生态保护高质量发展协同战略

HTML PDF 收藏

Spatial and seasonal variations in bacterial communities of the Yellow Sea by T-RFLP analysis

Hongyuan WANG, Xiaolu JIANG, Ya HE, Huashi GUAN

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2009年第3卷第2期页码 194-199 doi: 10.1007/s11783-009-0018-3

摘要： Four typical coastal sites (rocky shore, sandy shore, mud flat shore, and artificial harbor) at the Yellow Sea were chosen to investigate the spatial and seasonal variations in bacterial communities. This was accomplished by using terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism (T-RFLP) analysis of PCR amplified 16S rDNA fragments. Two kinds of tetrameric restriction enzymes, I and I, were used in the experiment to depict the bacterial community diversity in different marine environments. It was found that the community compositions digested by the two enzymes separately were different. However, the results of bacterial community diversity derived from them were similar. The MDA analysis results of T-RFLP profiles coming from I and I both exhibited a significant seasonal community shift for bacteria and a relatively low spatial variation among the four locations. With I as the sample, the pair wise -tests also revealed that variations were minor between each pair of marine environments, with ranging from 0.198 to 0.349. However, the bacterial community structure in the mud flat site depicted a larger difference than each of the other three sites ( ranging from 0.282 to 0.349).

关键词： terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism (T-RFLP) bacterial community structure marine microbial diversity HhaI MspI

HTML PDF 收藏

引海水冲刷河口治理黄河下游

林秉南,周建军,张仁

《中国工程科学》 2000年第2卷第4期页码 25-33

摘要：

提出引海水5000～1 500m³/s在利津注入黄河冲刷河口。冲刷后，在利津将产生3.3～7.9m的水面跌差，可制止黄河河口延伸的溯源淤积作用上延，并诱发其上游产生溯源冲刷。估计可使艾山以下河道得到冲深。因挟沙海水的密度大于渤海环境水体的密度，咸浑水进入渤海时可形成异重流，将泥沙输去远方；而且断流期间河口还可能蚀退；因此引海水流量足够时，可使河口不外延或外延缓慢。从长远看，河口侵蚀基准面得到降低后，可以使黄河下游的淤积面均得到降低。这对缓解黄河下游河道持续淤高的局面和减少河口改道的风险都是有利的。

黄河下游额定冲沙水占黄河水资源总量很大比例，大量抽取淡水会增加下游的淤积。引海水冲刷河口，可以增加河口地区从黄河抽取淡水的数量。这样抽取的淡水是冲沙水的一部分，不受用水分配额度的限制，对河口地区的发展具有重要意义。引海水冲刷口门段，可向渤海注入大量咸浑水、有利于改进渤海的环境生态条件。当然，引海水冲刷时须解决河道和引海水渠道的咸水外渗问题。

关键词：引海水冲刷黄河下游悬河水资源利用

HTML PDF 收藏

黄河小浪底工程对生态环境影响及对策研究

王家耀,张震宇

《中国工程科学》 1999年第1卷第2期页码 47-51

摘要：

黄河的治理问题一直受到社会各方面的关注。小浪底水利工程的兴建将使黄河的治理进入新的里程，同时也将对库区、库周及黄河下游以黄河水为主要水源的引黄灌区、湿地、河口三角洲的生态环境产生重要影响。在长期研究的基础上，简要分析小浪底工程对生态环境的影响，并提出了若干对策。

关键词：黄河小浪底工程黄河生态环境区域可持续发展地理信息系统

HTML PDF 收藏

长江水质酸化与黄河水质浓化趋势及成因探讨

陈静生,夏星辉,洪松

《中国工程科学》 2000年第2卷第3期页码 54-58

摘要：

对我国水利部《水文年鉴》上所载长江、黄河所有水文站自20世纪50年代末至80年代中期的水化学监测数据，以及全球水质监测计划中国站点1979〜1994年的水质监测资料进行分析研究，发现就天然水主要离子组分而言，长江中上游和黄河表现出各自独特的水质变化趋势，即长江水质的酸化趋势和黄河水质的浓化趋势。文章对这两种现象产生的原因进行了探讨。

关键词：长江黄河水质变化